So, is oatmeal gluten-free? If you suffer from celiac disease or you're adhering to a gluten-free diet for other reasons, find out if you can incorporate oats into your a. First, let's get one thing out of the way: While oats and wheat are both grains, they come from two different plants. One common misconception is that oats are wheat-based; however, oats are a member of the Avens Sativa subfamily, while wheat falls under the Triticum Aestivum or Triticum Turgidum subfamily, Bannan explains.
This deems oats completely gluten-free. However, it is important to understand that many facilities cross-contaminate their grains, which may contribute to trace amounts of gluten in oats. When you're shopping for oat-based products—whether it be steel-cut oats, oat milk , or oat bars—it is important to make sure that the product states that it is "certified gluten-free" on the package, Bannan tells us.
This ensures that your product isn't exposed to any gluten contamination during the manufacturing process. See the end of the article for other foods that cross react. The first point to deal with is that most oats are grown in the same areas as wheat, rye and barley. They processed in the same facilities as wheat, they are transported in the same trucks and kept in the same silos.
So regular oats are extremely cross-contaminated with wheat and should never be eaten by anyone with gluten-sensitivity. There are some brands that offer certified gluten-free oats, which means they are grown and stored away from wheat and tested for cross-contamination. They are tested using the R5 Elisa test for gluten content less than 20ppm. This, in my opinion, relies on trusting the manufacturer and also trusting that less than 20ppm is low enough. BUT, and this is a really big but they contain a protein called avenin, which is a problem for gluten-sensitive people because it causes an anti body cross-reaction.
A position statement from Coeliac Australia sums up the complicated and confusing matter:. It is recommended that should an individual wish to consume oats as part of the gluten free diet, a biopsy prior to and 3 months during regular oat consumption be done to determine its safety on the individual. Ah, an invasive biopsy every 3 months to eat a small amount of oats?
With gluten sensitivity, the body creates anti bodies to gluten. When something comes along that looks very close to gluten, the body will have the same immune system reaction and those anti bodies will stick to that substance. Not enough people are talking about these new discoveries, so people are still making the mistake of eating these cross reacting foods not knowing any better.
Many of the CD patients reported digestive symptoms as well after the oats challenge, but these symptoms had little to no correlation with T cell activation. Of those eight patients, seven had previously undergone the pure oats challenge and only three of them had the T cell response.
Patients were also challenged with wheat and rye, but there was no similar increase in avenin T cell activation. The authors offer three possibilities for why many of the study participants had digestive symptoms that were not correlated with T cell response.
Future studies would need non-CD patient controls, randomized and double-blinded protocols, and an avenin placebo control in order to determine exactly how the digestive symptoms are related to oats ingestion. Overall, the study concludes that a normal amount of oats are not able to induce an immune response like wheat, barley, or rye can in the vast majority of CD patients.
Wheat and rye were unable to increase T cell activation for avenin, which suggests that the way the immune system responds to different cereals is not only quantitatively different in scale, but qualitatively different in mechanism. There are a few possible explanations for why oats are unable to stimulate T cells like other cereals. Avenin is not as resistant to digestion as gluten is, which has been predicted based on its amino acid sequence and has also been shown in vitro.
Gluten has multiple sequences that the human body cannot fully digest and are then able to elicit the immune response that eventually leads to the intestinal damage.
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