All students must pass the NCLEX before entering the workforce or progressing towards more advanced degrees; professional standards are clearly established and all prospective nurses are held to a uniform standard of proficiency. This is another indication the BSN is progressing becoming the level of entry for nursing practice.
Nursing as a profession is constantly expanding its scope of practice and challenging its workforce to continue its education. Through advanced education, professional nurses, all held to the initial NCLEX standard, can be prepared to fill a larger number of more focused roles, extending from dialysis management to advanced practice roles with prescriptive powers.
Each specialization includes its own additional professional standards and certification exam, furthering the uniform standards for all nurses. Of course with multiple levels of educational preparation with which one may enter into the practice of nursing, it can be argued that nursing does not meet the educational requirement identified by Joel and Kelly In some states, advanced practice nurses are able to embark on their own practices.
Over time, individual state nurse practice acts have been steadily granting nurse practitioners increasing levels of autonomy within their spectrum of practice Catalano, The practice of medicine is an example of the development of a profession, as medicine developed into a profession the autonomy of physicians continued to expand. Nursing will see a growth in the level of autonomy in everyday practice as nursing becomes more recognizable as a profession.
In the nursing work environment, this freedom could best be translated as empowerment. The study concluded that improvements in nurse retention firmly required implementations specifically designed to increase the sense of nursing empowerment.
Clearly, at least internally, nurses see themselves as professionals. While the Zurmehly et al. For instance, nurse practitioners in some states must practice under the supervision of a physician and have a collaborative practice agreement on file with their respective state board of nursing.
While this is not the case in all states, until freedom of action is uniformly applied to all nurses according to their educational preparation, it can be argued nursing lacks the full range of freedom of practice to be considered as a profession. Nursing relies on the Code of Ethics established by the American Nurses Association ANA as ethical standard for conduct that guides professional practice.
There are nine provisions to the Code of Ethics. These provisions codify the fundamental values of nursing, establish the boundaries of nursing duty, and articulate the ethical responsibility of the nurse ANA, These are the guiding principles, obligations, and commitments of the nursing profession.
Ethics in health care includes the rights, responsibilities and obligations of professional and clients. The Code of Ethics directs the goals, values and ethics for nurses to uphold Matthews, With a defined code of ethics, the nurse is able to recognize and face ethical challenges for a complex patient population Ulrich, et al.
Fowler, describes the Code of Ethics as assurance to the public that nurses are proficient and capable of providing safe and effective care. The nurse adheres to the Code of Ethics as a framework to guide in decision making. Following standards ensures each professional abides by a defined set of principles that protect the integrity of the profession. In the United States, family-centered sickness care remained traditional until the nineteenth century. Sick care delivered by other than family and close acquaintances was generally limited to epidemics and plagues that periodically swept through towns and cities.
By the beginning of the nineteenth century, however, urbanization and industrialization changed the way in which—and in many cases the place in which—sick individuals received care. Hospitals began to proliferate to serve those who were without the resources to provide their own care, and as hospitals increased in numbers so did the demand for caregivers who would be able to deliver thoughtful care to the patients in them.
Early nineteenth-century hospitals were built mainly in more populated sections of the country, generally in large cities. Nursing care in these institutions differed enormously.
In hospitals operated by religious nursing orders, patients received high quality care. But, in other institutions, nursing care was more variable, ranging from good in some hospitals, to haphazard and poor in others. Click on the image to read a pdf of the full text. In Valentine Seaman, a New York physician, organized an early course of lectures for nurses who cared for maternity patients. An early nineteenth-century program, the Nurse Society of Philadelphia also referred to as the Nurse Charity of Philadelphia trained women in caring for mothers during childbirth and postpartum period.
Its founder, Dr. This publication, which each Nurse Society nurse received, represents an early example of a nursing practice text. Between and the Nurse Society employed about fifty nurses, establishing an early practice of engaging nurses for care of patients in the home.
The outbreak of the Civil War created an immediate need for capable nurses to care for the enormous number of sick and wounded. About 20, women and men served as nurses in both the North and the South. The commendable service rendered by Civil War nurses provided a rationale for future experiments in setting up training programs for nursing. Similar courses, such as that offered by the New England Hospital for Women and Children were begun in other locales. Philadelphia Hospital School of Nursing, first graduating class, Chief Nurse Alice Fisher is fourth from the right, second row from the bottom.
The year was a watershed year in American professional nursing history. These three programs, all based on ideas advanced by Florence Nightingale, are generally acknowledged to be the forerunners of organized, professional nurse education in the United States. By , somewhere between to schools of nursing were in operation in the country. These programs followed a fairly typical pattern. The school was either affiliated with or owned by a hospital that provided the students with the clinical experience considered necessary for the education of a nurse.
Students received two to three years of training. While in the program students carried out the majority of patient care activities offered in the hospital, receiving only a modicum of classroom education in the form of lectures on patient care and related subjects. At the end of the educational program, students received a diploma and were eligible to seek work as a trained nurse.
Two nurses in the J. William White private operating room, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, These early nurse education programs were, in reality, little more than apprenticeship programs that used student nurses for their labor.
Despite their significant shortcomings, however, they proved very popular with both hospitals and students and created a pattern of hospital-based nurse education that persisted until the mid-twentieth century.
Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.
Medical professionals include doctors, nurses, hospice workers, emergency medical technicians, and other trained caregivers. Nurses are on the front lines of health care. They become experts at establishing relationships with patients and can do so without a second thought. Nursing is truly a noble profession that demands hard work, dedication and an extraordinary amount of compassion and selflessness.
Nurses are the most trusted healthcare professionals. They are with patients throughout the continuum of life. Nurses are teacher, advocates, caregivers, critical thinkers and innovators. Nursing is an honorable profession, and nurses are the heart and soul of the healthcare system. The career in teaching requires people who have the conviction to nurture young minds and mold them into something great.
Since time immemorial, the profession of teaching has been considered as one of the noblest professions. Educators have always played the role of catalysts for various social changes in society. Teaching is the most important job in the world. Each teacher has the opportunity to shape and impact tens of thousands of young lives over the course of their career.
That is why being a lifelong learner plays an important role in the educational process. Educators who are lifelong learners are more successful. Today is World Teachers Day, a day to recognize and thank those individuals who take on the monumental and important task of educating our children.
I hold teachers in great esteem. Being a teacher, while not always an easy profession, is one of the most rewarding professions. We are a proud, strong, and noble profession; we are sworn in as officers of the court, part of a legal system that our society relies on for justice and fairness. In our country, lawyers must complete a rigorous education just to be permitted to sit for a bar exam.
Legal professional privilege protects the sanctity of the lawyer-client relationship. Professional identity: Values embedded in meaningful nursing practice.
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